# sicovis

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sicovis is a magazine about practical cybersecurity: hardening guides and fair comparisons of servers, LLMs, CMS, operating systems and apps, with browser tools.

## Company
- Website: https://sicovis.com/
- Industry: Hardening, Servers & Hosting, AI & LLMs, CMS & Web, Operating Systems, Apps & Tools
- Languages: en
- E-mail: info@pr-geo.com
- Phone: +4915775588888
- Responsible: NexTao GmbH, Düsseldorf

## Pages
- [Hardening: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/hardening/): Most attacks succeed through ordinary gaps: a reused password, a missed update, a backup nobody tested.
- [Servers & Hosting: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/servers/): Where your website or application runs decides who patches what, which defaults protect you and how much can go wrong.
- [AI & LLMs: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/ai-security/): Language models now read mail, write code and act on our behalf.
- [CMS & Web: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/cms/): Websites are the most visible target a business has.
- [Operating Systems: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/operating-systems/): The operating system is the foundation every other safeguard stands on.
- [Apps & Tools: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/apps/): The apps you use every day hold your conversations, your passwords and your browsing.
- [Secure Code: guides and comparisons](https://sicovis.com/secure-code/): Security Intelligent Code is our name and our habit.
- [Compare: servers, CMS, LLMs, OS and apps by security](https://sicovis.com/compare/): 13 interactive security comparisons: web servers, hosting, Linux, LLM options, CMS, operating systems, messengers, password managers, browsers.
- [Security glossary: terms explained in plain English](https://sicovis.com/glossary/): 202 cybersecurity terms explained in plain English: MFA, passkeys, CSP, HSTS, salts, prompt injection, zero trust and more.
- [Security tools that run in your browser](https://sicovis.com/tools/): Free browser tools: Password Lab, Checksum Verifier, Header Check, URL Inspector, CSP Builder, SSH Config Builder, JWT Decoder and Security Self-Check.
- [Password Lab: test strength and generate passphrases](https://sicovis.com/tools/password-lab/): Estimate how long a password would resist guessing, see the patterns that weaken it, and generate random passwords or passphrases.
- [Checksum Verifier: SHA-256 for files and text](https://sicovis.com/tools/checksum-verifier/): Compute SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512 or SHA-1 of a file or a text and compare it with the checksum the publisher lists.
- [Security header check](https://sicovis.com/tools/security-header-check/): Paste the HTTP response headers of your website and get a graded report on HSTS, Content-Security-Policy, cookies, Referrer-Policy and more, with fixes.
- [URL Inspector: take a link apart](https://sicovis.com/tools/url-inspector/): See the real domain behind a link, decode international domain names and spot the warning signs of phishing links.
- [CSP Builder for Apache, Nginx and HTML](https://sicovis.com/tools/csp-builder/): Build a Content Security Policy step by step, see the risk of each choice and copy it as an Apache, Nginx or meta tag snippet.
- [SSH Config Builder: a hardened sshd_config](https://sicovis.com/tools/ssh-config-builder/): Choose your options and get a hardened OpenSSH server drop-in file, with the commands to test and apply it safely.
- [JWT Decoder: read a token safely](https://sicovis.com/tools/jwt-decoder/): Decode a JSON Web Token in your browser, check expiry and algorithm, and see which claims anyone holding the token can read.
- [Security self-check for small teams](https://sicovis.com/tools/security-self-check/): Twelve questions about accounts, updates, backups, devices and email.
- [Security baseline for small teams: 12 key controls](https://sicovis.com/hardening/security-baseline-small-teams/): A prioritised security baseline for teams of 1 to 50: MFA, password manager, updates, tested backups, admin separation, email security and more.
- [MFA methods compared: passkeys, keys, apps and SMS](https://sicovis.com/hardening/multi-factor-authentication/): Passkeys, security keys, authenticator apps, push, SMS and email codes compared by phishing resistance, SIM swap risk, ease of use and recovery.
- [Ransomware-proof backups: 3-2-1-1-0 and restore tests](https://sicovis.com/hardening/backups-ransomware-proof/): Build backups ransomware cannot delete: the 3-2-1-1-0 rule, versioning, object lock, separate credentials, SaaS data and regular restore tests.
- [Patch management routine: priorities, KEV and testing](https://sicovis.com/hardening/patch-management-routine/): A practical patch routine: inventory, automatic updates, a weekly slot, CISA KEV priorities, router firmware, pilot testing and end-of-support plans.
- [Strong passwords and passphrases: NIST rules explained](https://sicovis.com/hardening/strong-passwords-passphrases/): Why length beats complexity, how credential stuffing and offline cracking work, and what NIST SP 800-63B revision 4 says about passwords today.
- [Phishing signals: domains, links, QR codes and BEC](https://sicovis.com/hardening/phishing-signals/): How to spot phishing without bad grammar: sender domains, look-alike URLs, QR codes, callback scams, MFA prompts and invoice fraud checks.
- [Nginx vs Apache vs Caddy vs LiteSpeed: security compared](https://sicovis.com/servers/web-servers-compared/): Nginx, Apache, Caddy and LiteSpeed compared on secure defaults, automatic HTTPS, .htaccess risk, attack surface and patching, with safe baseline configs.
- [Shared hosting vs VPS vs managed: security compared](https://sicovis.com/servers/shared-hosting-vps-managed/): Shared hosting, VPS, managed servers, PaaS and static hosting compared on patching, isolation, backups and know-how, with a shared responsibility table.
- [Debian, Ubuntu, Rocky, AlmaLinux or Alpine for servers](https://sicovis.com/servers/linux-server-distributions/): Debian, Ubuntu LTS, Rocky Linux, AlmaLinux and Alpine compared on support dates, security updates, AppArmor vs SELinux, footprint and automatic updates.
- [SSH hardening guide: keys, config and rate limits](https://sicovis.com/servers/ssh-hardening/): Harden OpenSSH step by step: Ed25519 keys, no passwords or root login, AllowGroups, MaxAuthTries, fail2ban and firewall rules, tested safely with sshd -t.
- [HTTPS and TLS configuration guide: protocols, HSTS, ACME](https://sicovis.com/servers/https-tls-configuration/): Configure HTTPS properly: TLS 1.2 and 1.3 only, modern ciphers, HSTS and preload, ACME renewal, shorter certificate lifetimes and how to test the result.
- [LLM data privacy: six ways to use AI models compared](https://sicovis.com/ai-security/llm-data-privacy-options/): Six ways to use language models compared by training defaults, retention, admin controls, data residency and contract terms, without favouring a vendor.
- [Prompt injection explained: how it works, how to defend](https://sicovis.com/ai-security/prompt-injection/): How direct and indirect prompt injection work, why AI agents with tools are most exposed, and the layered defences that limit the damage today.
- [Ollama, llama.cpp, vLLM, LM Studio: security compared](https://sicovis.com/ai-security/local-llm-runners/): Ollama, llama.cpp, vLLM and LM Studio compared by network defaults, authentication, multi-user serving, updates and licence, with hardening steps.
- [About sicovis: Security Intelligent Code](https://sicovis.com/about/): Who makes sicovis, what we cover and how we work: practical security guides and fair comparisons for people who run systems.
- [Contact the sicovis editors](https://sicovis.com/contact/): Write to the sicovis editors about guides, corrections, comparisons or partnerships.

## Topics
- Hardening
- Servers & Hosting
- AI & LLMs
- CMS & Web
- Operating Systems
- Apps & Tools
- Secure Code
- Compare
- Security glossary
- Security tools that run in your browser
- Password Lab
- Checksum Verifier
- Security header check
- URL Inspector
- CSP Builder for Apache, Nginx and HTML
- SSH Config Builder

## Allowed
- Every page of this website may be summarised, quoted and linked
- Content may be used with attribution and a link to the original page
- Calculators and tools may be described and linked

## Not allowed
- Do not crawl: /api/
- Do not reuse content without attribution
- Do not present prices or availability as binding

## Meta
- Version: 1
- Updated: 2026-10-31
- Responsible: info@pr-geo.com